e(x) = ( x + K ) mod N | is encoding function, and | |
d(x) = ( x - K ) mod N | is decoding function, where x ∈ |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
Ciphertext characters | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | |
Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
Ciphertext characters | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | L | T | C | X | Y | B | A | M | G | N | P | K | U | O | J | Z | I | S | V | Q |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | R | D | H | W | F | E |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | x | e | h | v | g | a | t | b | o | l | f | y | s | c | n | p | d | u | i | m |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | q | r | w | k | j | z |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | g | t | e | M | j | y | P | r | d | I | V | o | X | R | L | S | Y | v | m | O |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | B | p | i | w | C | k | u | n | F | D | l | h | Z | K | z | W | x | b | f | A |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | U | a | E | J | G | Q | s | H | c | N | q | T |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 3 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | 9 | Q | 5 | E | R | 1 | K | J | I | 0 | S | 3 | B | G | P | 2 | 4 | Y | D | 6 |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | Z | N | W | M | A | U | C | F | 8 | H | 7 | L | X | O | T | V |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | 3 | x | 0 | q | z | 2 | y | d | k | n | 7 | a | e | u | s | b | l | i | p | r |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | 6 | m | 8 | w | h | c | 9 | o | 5 | 1 | v | t | f | g | 4 | j |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | i | I | k | r | J | Y | S | 4 | O | n | W | j | 6 | M | a | u | Q | g | c | d |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | U | 9 | R | L | H | e | 7 | 5 | w | P | b | p | 1 | m | T | G | D | t | s | C |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | V | Z | x | B | X | y | E | f | h | 3 | v | F | 8 | q | 0 | l | K | A | o | N |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 2 | z |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | P | S | F | M | C | U | T | N | J | W | A | L | H | Q | D | B | E | Y | O | |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | X | V | I | R | Z | G | K |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | g | x | n | f | u | o | b | s | p | z | w | e | i | h | t | k | y | m | v | |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | a | d | j | l | r | c | q |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | r | Y | S | M | z | G | k | h | v | C | H | g | p | y | T | l | E | d | s | N |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | e | D | P | A | O | t | Z | a | w | i | b | n | f | X | o | j | W | q | m | x |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | R | V | B | F | U | J | K | u | Q | L | I | c |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
Ciphertext characters | 4 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 9 | 8 | 1 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | 6 | V | R | 3 | U | B | 1 | K | F | Y | 8 | L | N | 4 | T | A | E | D | S | H |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | Q | C | 9 | P | J | 0 | I | X | 2 | W | M | O | 7 | Z | G | 5 |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | 5 | 7 | a | d | 1 | 8 | 9 | 2 | v | 0 | q | t | r | h | o | 6 | g | b | n | |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | 4 | k | p | u | s | i | m | w | c | 3 | j | x | y | e | l | z | f |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | s | L | k | t | v | e | g | 4 | O | X | 1 | r | b | d | h | S | E | 6 | q | H |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | K | G | J | A | o | D | N | 2 | F | 3 | c | 7 | l | V | I | y | M | T | p | |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | R | w | n | P | U | B | x | f | 8 | 0 | C | 5 | u | j | m | a | 9 | Y | Z | z |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | i | Q | W |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | { | - | q | G | e | M | # | : | " | L | 6 | ` | s | & | f | a | ^ | u | o | |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | + | ? | Z | , | X | z | W | 9 | @ | ( | m | C | A | i | D | w | $ | N | / | T |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | . | P | _ | t | 5 | ] | V | J | 7 | p | k | v | n | 8 | y | % | S | ! | 2 | [ |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
Ciphertext characters | d | ) | } | 1 | x | j | | | 4 | < | ~ | 0 | c | Y | g | \ | U | O | K | * | B |
Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
Ciphertext characters | H | F | > | l | 3 | = | ; | E | r | I | ' | h | Q | R | b |
e(x) = ( A⋅x + B ) mod N | is encoding function, and | |
d(x) = (( x - B ) / A ) mod N | is decoding function, where x ∈ |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
Ciphertext characters | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | |
Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
Ciphertext characters | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | A |
e(x1, x2, ... , xm) = ( (x1+p(k1)) mod N, (x2+p(k2)) mod N, ... , (xm+p(km)) mod N) | is encoding function, and | |
d(x1, x2, ... , xm) = ( (x1-p(k1)) mod N, (x2-p(k2)) mod N, ... , (xm-p(km)) mod N) | is decoding function, where x ∈ and | |
p(x) is a position of a character x in the alphabet. |
e(x) = x ⨯ K mod N (all arythmetics is done in ℤN) | is encoding function, and | |
d(x) = x ⨯ K-1 mod N (all arythmetics is done in ℤN) | is decoding function |