e(x) = ( x + K ) mod N | is encoding function, and | |
d(x) = ( x - K ) mod N | is decoding function, where x ∈ |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
Ciphertext characters | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | |
Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
Ciphertext characters | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | C | D | J | A | X | Z | E | P | H | L | Y | V | G | N | M | O | U | W | B | K |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | T | S | I | R | Q | F |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | p | d | o | n | z | f | g | e | h | x | j | u | y | r | m | v | l | s | t | q |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | i | k | a | w | b | c |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | n | f | A | F | l | U | E | y | t | R | O | a | T | Q | H | X | j | g | V | k |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | i | c | Z | p | L | w | m | S | J | q | G | r | u | d | N | K | z | B | C | v |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | s | I | e | P | b | M | o | h | x | D | Y | W |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Ciphertext characters | 6 | 9 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | M | K | E | 7 | 4 | C | 6 | D | 0 | L | Y | S | U | O | 9 | 1 | 3 | F | 5 | Q |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | 8 | N | X | R | J | T | Z | P | G | A | B | V | W | I | 2 | H |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | y | z | u | s | b | 5 | k | t | 7 | 1 | 0 | 2 | h | j | 8 | c | i | n | g | q |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | m | l | o | d | 6 | a | p | r | f | v | 4 | 3 | x | e | w |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | r | u | Q | m | j | N | G | l | z | E | 9 | 3 | 7 | A | c | P | S | 6 | 1 | V |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | D | R | k | M | C | B | n | p | W | 4 | h | v | 0 | o | K | q | Z | d | L | y |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | 8 | H | f | a | X | e | 5 | U | O | w | T | t | 2 | x | J | Y | F | g | b | I |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | i | s |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | I | O | P | X | Q | S | C | N | U | B | M | Y | D | V | E | H | G | Z | J | |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | T | A | F | K | W | R | L |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | h | d | w | r | v | j | l | u | m | z | s | n | c | a | t | g | f | e | x | |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | k | q | o | i | b | y | p |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | u | K | U | E | G | D | L | x | s | n | k | W | j | I | h | J | B | d | M | a |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | r | C | p | Z | H | c | X | N | T | R | i | y | l | w | f | b | t | V | Q | |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | A | m | P | Y | O | v | S | q | e | z | F | g | o |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
Ciphertext characters | 3 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 8 | 4 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | 5 | S | M | E | D | 6 | T | R | A | H | 3 | 2 | I | K | P | 7 | J | X | V | |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | N | Q | Y | 0 | 4 | 1 | Z | W | F | L | 9 | U | C | 8 | G | B | O |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | q | x | z | o | v | 5 | f | e | 8 | 0 | k | 2 | c | n | 9 | s | w | j | i | |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | r | g | h | 3 | l | 7 | 4 | 6 | b | u | m | y | a | 1 | p | d | t |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | 2 | H | t | g | m | r | e | 5 | 7 | D | x | S | o | R | b | X | 3 | T | J | q |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | f | N | O | M | j | 8 | 1 | P | Y | c | V | 4 | 9 | L | v | K | w | W | B | |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | F | n | l | I | 0 | a | y | k | E | G | U | u | i | d | h | p | s | A | Q | Z |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | C | 6 | z |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | [ | z | < | c | p | $ | 5 | m | { | > | G | D | ) | ( | / | Q | n | H | Y | 4 |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | _ | % | v | b | 2 | T | ; | ^ | A | q | : | j | K | J | d | F | ` | ' | L | 1 |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | k | 8 | V | , | s | h | o | C | ! | M | 6 | X | r | N | ~ | \ | B | = | ? | g |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
Ciphertext characters | ] | x | t | } | a | I | - | Z | U | W | * | w | y | . | S | 3 | @ | f | + | |
Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
Ciphertext characters | | | u | i | & | E | O | e | # | 7 | l | R | 9 | 0 | " | P |
e(x) = ( A⋅x + B ) mod N | is encoding function, and | |
d(x) = (( x - B ) / A ) mod N | is decoding function, where x ∈ |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
Ciphertext characters | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | |
Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
Ciphertext characters | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | A |
e(x1, x2, ... , xm) = ( (x1+p(k1)) mod N, (x2+p(k2)) mod N, ... , (xm+p(km)) mod N) | is encoding function, and | |
d(x1, x2, ... , xm) = ( (x1-p(k1)) mod N, (x2-p(k2)) mod N, ... , (xm-p(km)) mod N) | is decoding function, where x ∈ and | |
p(x) is a position of a character x in the alphabet. |
e(x) = x ⨯ K mod N (all arythmetics is done in ℤN) | is encoding function, and | |
d(x) = x ⨯ K-1 mod N (all arythmetics is done in ℤN) | is decoding function |